geng-, gong-

    geng-, gong-

    English meaning: lump

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “Klumpen, klumpig”

    Material: Gk. γόγγρος “ conger-eel, tubercular disease in olive-trees “ (out of it Lat. gonger, conger ds.), γογγρώνη “ swollen neck gland “, perhaps γόγγων μωρός Hes. (“fat, obese and stupid”?), γογγύλος “ round “ (-ύλος suffix as in στρογγύλος, ἀγκύλος; compare also Lith. gungulỹs “ ball “), γογγυλίς, γογγύλη “ turnip “, γιγγίς, -ίδιον “a kind of beet, turnip “ (assimilated from *γεγγί-; the reminiscence in Lith. žinginis “a plant bog arun, Calla palustris” and the O.Ind. flower names jiŋginī, jhiñjhikü are certainly coincidental); Lat. gingīva f. (mostly Plur.) “gums”, further formations from *gengü ‘swelling, blister, hump, hunchback “; O.N. kǫkkr “ ball “ (*gongu-s; against it derives O.H.G. kankur, Ger. Kanker “ malignant growth, cancer “ from Lat. cancer “ cancerous ulcer, cancerous growth “), also O.N. vatnkakki m. (*gong-) “ bucket; pail “. In Gmc. perhaps (?)cognate words for “ coil, bind, wind, bend”: M.L.G. kinke, Nor. dial. kink(e) “ coil by a rope “, kink also “ small bend, contemptuous movement of the head “, M.L.G. kinke also “ sinuous snail house “, Nor. dial. kank “ gyration, whirling, turning, rotation, circular movement, spin, knot in the thread, unwillingness “, West Flem. konkel “whirl, maelstrom, whirlpool, eddy “ (but O.H.G. kunkala, konakla, Ger. Kunkel “ distaff (= staff for holding flax, wool, etc., in spinning) “ derives from M.Lat. conucla, Dimin. from colus); s. also under gengh- S. 380; Lith. gùnga “ hump, hunchback, ball, clump” (out of it Ltv. gùn̨ġis “ curvature, belly”), gungulỹs “ ball “, gùngu, gùngti “crook oneself”, gùnginti “ go slowly, from a humped going person “; maybe Alb. gungë “hump, hunchback” besides with palatal (*gonĝ-, gunĝ-): Balt *gunž- in gūžỹ s “ crop from birds, Adam’s apple, head of the femur; cabbage head “, gūžiù, gū̃ žti “ conglobate, bundle up; sit down to the earth (from the chicken which spreads out the wings) “, gūštà “ lair, camp, nest of a chicken, a goose “; O.Pruss. gunsix ‘swelling, blister” (Lith. gùzas, gùzikas “ hump, hunchback, gland, knag” under likewise from Pol.); Maybe Alb. (*gunsa) gusha “neck, Adam’s apple “ Slav. *gǫz- (also *guz- with u from IE geu-ĝ-, see under geu-1) in Serb. gûz “buttock”, Russ. guz, guzá, guzó “ the thick end of the sheaf, a beam “, gúzka “ backside, tail , rump “, Pol. old gǫz, gǫż “tuber”, gęzić się “ crook oneself “ (with u nowadays guz ‘swelling, blister, hunch “, guza “ buttocks “), Sloven. gǫ́za f. “buttock, backside” (with u: gúza “ buttocks, hunch “) under likewise; participle perf. pass. *gǫstъ (*gn̥ĝ-to-) in Ser.-Cr. gûst, R.C.S. gustъ, Russ. gustój, Pol. gęsty “thick, dense”. Because of Sloven. Pol. u and the Balt -un- (> -ū-) forms (which would perhaps be normal however, as reduced grade colored in o-grade *gonĝ-) assumes Persson Beitr. 937 for the Slav. mixture from *gong- and *geuĝ-, guĝ- (extension from geu- “crook”, see there), compare Ice. kjuka “ankle”, Nor. kjuka “knag, knot, spigot “ etc. and for Lith. gùžas “knag” and for Balt gunž-, gūž- formation from such nasalized *gu-n-ĝ- (at most also *gūĝ -), since Balt forms with lengthened grade *gonĝ- are absent. Also those in velares g ending Balt words, as Lith. gùnga, could be assigned to a parallel extension *geu-g-, compare under geu-1: Lith. gugà “ bump in saddle, hump, hunchback “, gaũgaras “ acme, apex, summit “, etc.

    References: WP. I 637 ff., WH. I 601, Trautmann 101 f.